Sokrates (469 p\u0159. n. l.\u2013399 p\u0159. n. l.) byl jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch filozof\u016f starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka a zakladatel z\u00e1padn\u00ed filozofie. Narodil se v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch a jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed m\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na filozofii, etiku a zp\u016fsob lidsk\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed. A\u010dkoliv po sob\u011b nezanechal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u00edsemn\u00e9 d\u00edlo, jeho my\u0161lenky byly zachyceny jeho \u017e\u00e1ky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Plat\u00f3nem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sokrates byl zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdm neobvykl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k filozofii. Nep\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el, ale vedl dialogy, b\u011bhem nich\u017e kladl ot\u00e1zky, aby vyvolal p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed a pomohl ostatn\u00edm doj\u00edt k pravd\u011b. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je dnes zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako sokratovsk\u00e1 metoda. Zam\u011b\u0159oval se na ot\u00e1zky mor\u00e1lky, ctnost\u00ed a dobra. Pro Sokrata bylo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed sebe sama, co\u017e vyj\u00e1d\u0159il slavn\u00fdm v\u00fdrokem: \u201eV\u00edm, \u017ee nic nev\u00edm.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jeho n\u00e1zory a otev\u0159en\u00e9 kritizov\u00e1n\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edch hodnot ath\u00e9nsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mu v\u0161ak p\u0159inesly mnoho nep\u0159\u00e1tel. V roce 399 p\u0159. n. l. byl obvin\u011bn z kazen\u00ed ml\u00e1de\u017ee a bezbo\u017enosti. Sokrates byl odsouzen k smrti vypit\u00edm \u010d\u00ed\u0161e bolehlavu. Nam\u00edsto \u00fat\u011bku, kter\u00fd mu byl nab\u00eddnut, p\u0159ijal rozsudek jako d\u016fsledek sv\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o d\u016fle\u017eitosti z\u00e1kona a etiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sokrates ovlivnil nejen sv\u00e9 sou\u010dasn\u00edky, ale i cel\u00e9 generace filozof\u016f a myslitel\u016f. Jeho \u017e\u00e1k Plat\u00f3n d\u00e1le rozvinul jeho my\u0161lenky a polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pro \u0161koly filozofie, jako je akademie. D\u00edlo Sokrata tak\u00e9 inspirovalo dal\u0161\u00ed velik\u00e1ny, jako byl Aristoteles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sokrates z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 symbolem hled\u00e1n\u00ed pravdy, intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed pokory a odvahy st\u00e1t si za sv\u00fdmi hodnotami. Jeho odkaz v oblasti filozofie a mor\u00e1ln\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 a inspiruje i dnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sokrates (469 p\u0159. n. l.\u2013399 p\u0159. n. l.) byl jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch filozof\u016f starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka a zakladatel z\u00e1padn\u00ed filozofie. Narodil se v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch a jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed m\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na filozofii, etiku a zp\u016fsob lidsk\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed. A\u010dkoliv po sob\u011b nezanechal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u00edsemn\u00e9 d\u00edlo, jeho my\u0161lenky byly zachyceny jeho \u017e\u00e1ky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Plat\u00f3nem. Sokrates byl zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":380,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-382","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=382"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":383,"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/382\/revisions\/383"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nijak.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}